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In many ways, the organizational structure of a nonprofit is similar to a for profit business. According to Shelly Cryer, author of The Nonprofit Career Guide: How to Land a Job that Makes a Difference, all nonprofits have a similar structure. (If you are serious about working for a nonprofit, this is the best book on the market.)
Board of Directors are volunteers who govern the nonprofit. They are responsible for making sure the organization adheres to its mission. They hire and fire the executive director. In addition, they may be responsible for fundraising. They often bring knowledge and expertise relevant to the charter of the nonprofit.
Senior management consists of the executive and associate director positions. These are usually paid positions and are responsible for leading the organization by carrying out the strategic plan or mission, and managing all the activities within the nonprofit. These individuals report to the board of directors.
Reporting to senior management are the various administrative functions that are necessary for the organization to run efficiently. Examples of positions in administration are: accounting, human resources, volunteer coordinators, technology, operations, communication and support staff. Since most nonprofits are small, many of these positions are combined, contracted out or done on a volunteer basis.
Development and Fundraising are key to the success of a nonprofit organization. This is the most significant way that nonprofits differ from for profit business. Funding the nonprofit is paramount in it’s viability. There are a number of different functions that may fall under this umbrella. Fundraising can based on annual funding, special events, and grant writing. Nonprofits may also solicit major gifts from individuals, business or government. Some nonprofits have planned giving which is designated in estate plans. These position may be staff, contract or volunteer.
Finally, there is the program delivery which is the ‘work’ the nonprofit is deemed to do through its mission statement. There are a number of functions that may exist within the program umbrella. The program director overseas the implementation of activities within the nonprofit. This would also involve interaction with the other functions of the organization. In addition, there are other program related jobs that could include, counseling, education, advocacy, and research. While the program director is usually a paid position, the delivery functions can be carried about by contract or volunteers, as well as staff.
As we’ve seen, nonprofits operate with a combination of paid and volunteer work in a wide range of causes. Just as with for profit organizations, they have their distinct culture and operational style. Some are run more effectively than others. There are plenty of ways to get involved with a nonprofit. Do not assume nonprofits are waiting for your presence with bated breath. Just like with any other activity you will rely on word of mouth, research, exploration, trial and error and synchronicity to find the best way to get involved with nonprofits.
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